Understanding Key Textile Terms for Interiors: Pile, Railroading & Slub

Know Your Textiles: Essential Terms for Interiors

When working with textiles for home interiors, understanding key industry terms can make all the difference. Whether you're selecting upholstery, curtains, or soft furnishings, knowing how different fabrics behave and perform helps you make informed decisions. Here are three essential textile terms every interior designer should know:

Pile

Pile refers to the raised surface or loops of fibres that give texture and softness to fabrics like velvet, chenille, and carpets. There are two main types:

Cut Pile – The fibres are cut to create a smooth, plush surface. This is common in materials like velvet and velour, giving them a luxurious, soft touch.

Loop Pile – The fibres remain uncut, creating a more textured feel. Bouclé is a great example of a loop pile fabric, offering durability and depth.

Pile fabrics are great for adding warmth and comfort to interiors, but they may require careful maintenance to avoid crushing or flattening over time.

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Railroading

Railroading refers to how a fabric's pattern is oriented on the roll. When a fabric is "railroaded," its pattern runs horizontally instead of vertically. This is particularly useful for upholstery projects like sofas and headboards, as it allows for seamless application without additional joins or seams.

Many wide-width fabrics are railroaded to accommodate large-scale applications in interiors. Always check the fabric roll direction before ordering to ensure it suits your project needs.

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Slub

A slub is a natural irregularity in fabric, often appearing as a small bump or thicker area within the weave. Traditionally considered a flaw, slubs are now embraced for their organic, textured appearance. They are commonly found in linen, raw silk, and natural-fibre blends, adding character to the fabric.

Slubs also create a beautiful base for printed textiles, as the texture enhances the depth and dimension of designs. This makes them a popular choice for curtains, cushions, and bespoke soft furnishings.

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Understanding these textile terms helps designers and homeowners alike make better choices when selecting fabrics for interior spaces. Whether you’re looking for a plush, inviting texture, a seamless upholstery solution, or a fabric with natural charm, knowing what to look for ensures both beauty and functionality in your designs.